Title: Default for intro_OS_RDM
Course: Teaching Open Science and Research Data Management for Undergraduates

Q: What is one of the main benefits of good research data management (RDM)?
- It reduces the need for data storage.
- It ensures the sustainability and accessibility of data in the long-term.
- It decreases the visibility of the research.
- It limits collaboration opportunities.
A: It ensures the sustainability and accessibility of data in the long-term.

Q: What is a key purpose of good research data management (RDM)?
- To reduce the number of research projects.
- To ensure the reproducibility of research.
- To limit data sharing.
- To increase the cost of data storage.
A: To ensure the reproducibility of research.

Q: Why
is a data management plan needed?
- To limit the scope of the research design.
- To consider aspects of data management before the actual work starts.
- To avoid generating any datasets.
- To ensure data is never shared.
A: To consider aspects of data management before the actual work starts.

Q: What
does the acronym FAIR stand for in the context of research data management?
- Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable
- Free, Available, Interchangeable, and Reliable
- Findable, Available, Interoperable, and Reproducible
- Free, Accessible, Interchangeable, and Reusable
A: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable

Q: Which of the following statements about FAIR data is NOT true?
- FAIR data principles emphasize machine-actionability, meaning data can be found, accessed, and reused with minimal human intervention.
- FAIR data must always be made openly available without any restrictions. (FAIR does not mean that all data should be made openly available; only the discovery metadata needs to be openly available.)
- The concept of FAIR data includes data, metadata, software, code, models, and other documentation that makes research reproducible.
- Discovery metadata for FAIR data must include core information such as a persistent identifier, title, creators, and administrative information about rights.
A: FAIR data must always be made openly available without any restrictions.

Q: Which of the following is NOT a recommended practice for ensuring the quality and consistency of data?
- Keeping backups of different versions of data.
- Checking that the original data content is preserved when exporting data.
- Allowing any third party to check transcriptions of personal data. (“Protection of data may be required for legal or ethical reasons, for issues pertaining to personal privacy, or for proprietary considerations.”)
- Ensuring that the interview framework and questions are as similar as possible for all interviewees.
A: Allowing any third party to check transcriptions of personal data.

Q: Which of the following statements about using online material for research purposes is true?
- You can always upload images or texts to your computer without checking permissions.
- All online material is free to use without any restrictions.
- You should check the terms of use of the service to ensure you are allowed to use the material for research purposes.
- Copyright and terms of use associated with material are not important for research.
A: You should check the terms of use of the service to ensure you are allowed to use the material for research purposes.

Q: Which
of the following statements about data under embargo is true?
- Data under embargo is permanently inaccessible.
- Data under embargo is released for public use after a specified time period.
- Data under embargo can be accessed without any restrictions.
- Data under embargo is only available to registered users.
A: Data under embargo is released for public use after a specified time period.

Q: What is the minimum requirement when publishing data?
- Making the data completely open and free to download by anyone.
- Publishing discovery metadata with a persistent identifier and license.
- Ensuring the data is only accessible to registered users.
- Keeping the data completely closed and inaccessible.
A: Publishing discovery metadata with a persistent identifier and license.

Q: Which of the following is NOT a benefit of publishing data?
- Efficient use of research funds.
- Complying with funders and publishers requirements.
- Limiting the visibility of the research. (Visibility for the research can help the researcher to gain opportunities for collaboration, merit and more funding opportunities)
- Transparency of data, allowing reproducible results and new analysis.
A: Limiting the visibility of the research.

Quiz Instructions:

- The quiz consists of 5 questions.
- Each question has only one correct answer.
- You can take the quiz as many times as you like (unlimited attempts).
- To pass the module, you must answer all 5 questions correctly (5/5).

Quiz Instructions:

- The quiz consists of 6 questions.
- Each question has only one correct answer.
- You can take the quiz as many times as you like (unlimited attempts).
- To pass the course, you must answer all 6 questions correctly (6/6).

Q: What is the difference between reproducibility and replicability in research?
- Reproducibility refers to duplicating results with new data, while replicability refers to duplicating results with the same materials.
- Reproducibility refers to duplicating results with the same materials, while replicability refers to duplicating results with new data.
- Reproducibility and replicability both refer to duplicating results with new data.
- Reproducibility and replicability both refer to duplicating results with the same materials.
A: Reproducibility refers to duplicating results with the same materials, while replicability refers to duplicating results with new data.

Q: What is the main difference between Green Open Access and Gold Open Access?
- Green Open Access requires immediate payment upon publication, while Gold Open Access does not.
- Green Open Access involves self-archiving with publisher permission, while Gold Open Access involves immediate availability by the publisher.
- Green Open Access combines free and subscription content, while Gold Open Access is always free.
- Green Open Access is only available for books, while Gold Open Access is only available for articles.
A: Green Open Access involves self-archiving with publisher permission, while Gold Open Access involves immediate availability by the publisher.

Q: Why are version control systems particularly valuable in research?
- They limit the number of modifications that can be made to documents.
- They prevent collaboration among researchers.
- They maintain the integrity of the evolving codebase and document the progression of the research project.
- They ensure that no changes are made to the original documents.
A: They maintain the integrity of the evolving codebase and document the progression of the research project.

Q: Which of the following is NOT a benefit of good research data management?
- Making the study reliable, reproducible, and reusable.
- Increasing the impact and visibility of the research.
- Limiting the opportunities for collaboration and funding. (Good research data management can help the researcher to gain opportunities for collaboration, since the data is of high quality and interoperable.)
- Providing a detailed record of the procedure and description of the data.
A: Limiting the opportunities for collaboration and funding.

Q: Why is it important to cite research data?
- To avoid using the data in your publication.
- To comply with intellectual property rights and research ethics.
- To limit the visibility of the research.
- To prevent the reuse of the data.
A: To comply with intellectual property rights and research ethics.

Q: Which of the following is NOT a recommended practice for increasing researcher visibility?
- Consistently using the same spelling and format for their name in all publications.
- Creating a researcher identifier, e.g., ORCID.
- Keeping their information and researcher profile outdated. (Making sure that their information and researcher profile are up to date is important in order to be able to be found and cited correctly.)
- Publishing research results open access whenever possible.
A: Keeping their information and researcher profile outdated.

Q: Which of the following is NOT one of the core values of Open Science?
- Quality and integrity
- Profit maximization
- Equity and fairness
- Diversity and inclusiveness
A: Profit maximization

Q: What does reproducible research mean?
- Paying close attention to detail throughout the research process so that the same analysis can be repeated with the same results at any time
- The ability to get the same results if the same procedures are followed but with new data
- Conducting research without the need for detailed documentation
- Ensuring that research findings are published in multiple journals
A: Paying close attention to detail throughout the research process so that the same analysis can be repeated with the same results at any time

Q: What does the reproducibility crisis refer to?
- The process of conducting research without any funding or planning
- Scientific findings not being validated by other scientists’ efforts to replicate them
- The inability to publish research findings in multiple journals
- The exclusive focus on theoretical research without practical applications
A: Scientific findings not being validated by other scientists’ efforts to replicate them

Q: What does publication bias refer to?
- The inability to publish research findings in open access journals
- The practice of publishing research that has no clear outcomes
- The greater ease to publish scientific findings that only “very clearly” confirm or disprove hypotheses
- The process of conducting research without any peer review
A: The greater ease to publish scientific findings that only “very clearly” confirm or disprove hypotheses

Q: What is a key objective of Open Science?
- To make research outputs as accessible as possible, and to promote open education and open infrastructures
- To limit the dissemination of research findings to only those within the same academic institution
- To conduct research without any funding
- To focus solely on theoretical research without practical applications or public engagement
A: To make research outputs as accessible as possible, and to promote open education and open infrastructures

Q: What is the primary purpose of scholarly communication?
- To limit the sharing of research findings to researchers who have institutional affiliations
- To share, disseminate, and publish research findings so that academic content is available to the global academic communities
- To focus solely on theoretical research without practical applications
- To restrict collaboration between researchers from different institutions
A: To share, disseminate, and publish research findings so that academic content is available to the global academic communities

Q: What is Open Access about?
- The restriction of scientific information to only those who pay for access
- The open and free availability of scientific information, including research methods, data, and outputs
- The sharing of scientific information only with researchers who have institutional affiliations
- The practice of publishing scientific information exclusively in subscription-based journals
A: The open and free availability of scientific information, including research methods, data, and outputs

Q: What is a scientific repository?
- An online database where researchers store, share, and access scholarly works such as articles, datasets, and research findings
- A physical library where researchers keep printed copies of their work
- A private server used exclusively for storing unpublished research
- A social media platform for discussing scientific theories without sharing actual data
A: An online database where researchers store, share, and access scholarly works such as articles, datasets, and research findings

Q: What is predatory publishing?
- A model where authors are paid to publish their research in high-impact journals
- A practice of publishing only high-quality, peer-reviewed articles in open access journals
- An exploitive academic publishing business model that involves charging authors fees to publish their work without providing standard editorial services like peer review or quality control
- A system where publication fees are waived for all authors regardless of the quality of their work
A: An exploitive academic publishing business model that involves charging authors fees to publish their work without providing standard editorial services like peer review or quality control

Q: What is Open Peer Review?
- A review process where only the reviewers' identities are disclosed, but the authors remain anonymous
- A review process where neither the reviewers' nor the authors' identities are disclosed, and the reviews are kept confidential
- A review process where the content of the review is never published alongside the original work
- A review process where both the reviewers' and authors' identities are disclosed, and the content of the review may be published alongside the original work
A: A review process where both the reviewers' and authors' identities are disclosed, and the content of the review may be published alongside the original work

Q: Which of the following is NOT a category of Intellectual Property?
- Industrial property
- Copyright and related rights
- Geographical indications
- Real estate property
A: Real estate property

Q: What does copyright primarily protect?
- Real estate property
- Industrial designs
- Literary, artistic, and scientific works
- Geographical indications
A: Literary, artistic, and scientific works

Q: Which of the following best describes an open license?
- A license that requires payment for access and use
- A license that grants permission to access, re-use, and redistribute a work with few or no restrictions
- A license that is only valid for a limited time period
- A license that is only applicable to physical property
A: A license that grants permission to access, re-use, and redistribute a work with few or no restrictions

Q: Which of the following is a well-known example of an open license in the research community?
- FAIR
- Trademark
- Creative Commons
- Google Scholar
A: Creative Commons

Q: Which of the following best describes Open Source Software?
- Software that is only available for purchase
- Software that restricts modification and distribution
- Software that is freely available for use, modification, and distribution
- Software that is only accessible to a specific group of users
A: Software that is freely available for use, modification, and distribution

Q: Which of the following best describes citation impact indicators?
- Indicators based on the number of publications produced
- Indicators based on the number of citations received by publications
- Indicators based on the number of authors involved in a publication
- Indicators based on the length of the publication
A: Indicators based on the number of citations received by publications

Q: Which of the following best describes altmetrics?
- Metrics that track the number of downloads and views of a publication
- Metrics exploring the visibility of publications and the attention they receive in social media and research networks
- Metrics that evaluate the quality of peer reviews received by a publication
- Metrics that measure the financial impact of a publication
A: Metrics exploring the visibility of publications and the attention they receive in social media and research networks

Q: What is the benefit of using academic profile platforms like Google Scholar and ResearchGate?
- Limiting the audience of the research
- Hiding research updates
- Increasing visibility and engagement with other researchers
- Reducing the number of citations
A: Increasing visibility and engagement with other researchers

Q: Which of the following is NOT a strategy to increase research visibility?
- Open access publishing
- Optimizing for search engines
- Restricting access to research
- Engaging on social media
A: Restricting access to research

Q: What is the primary purpose of a researcher identifier like ORCID?
- To track real estate transactions
- To copyright literary works
- To trademark industrial designs
- To provide a unique, persistent identifier for researchers in their research, scholarship, and innovation activities
A: To provide a unique, persistent identifier for researchers in their research, scholarship, and innovation activities